41⟩ What types of routes are allowed into a totally stubby area?
OSPF intra-area routes and a default route. OSPF interarea and external routes are not advertised into a totally stubby area.
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88 CCNP Questions And Answers
42⟩ What types of routes are allowed into a NSSA?
OSPF intra-area and interarea routes, and possibly a default route. External routes from ABRs are blocked, and external routes from ASBRs are converted to N1 or N2 routes.
43⟩ What types of routes are allowed into a totally NSSA?
OSPF intra-area routes and a default route. External routes from ABRs are blocked, and external routes from ASBRs are converted to N1 or N2 routes.
44⟩ What is the difference between an E1 and E2 OSPF route?
An E1 route contains the OSPF cost to reach the ASBR plus the cost from the ASBR to the external route. An E2 route contains only the cost from the ASBR to the external route.
45⟩ What are the three types of OSPF routers?
ABR, internal router, and ASBR.
46⟩ What are the six OSPF route types?
Intra-area, interarea, E1, E2, N1, and N2.
47⟩ Where can routes be summarized in an OSPF network?
OSPF routes are summarized on an ABR. External routes are summarized on an ASBR.
48⟩ How does OSPF determine an interarea shortest path?
First, calculate the shortest path to an ABR.
Second, calculate the shortest path across area 0 to an ABR that is attached to the destination area.
Third, calculate the shortest path across the destination area from the ABR to the destination network.
49⟩ How is the OSPF cost of an interface calculated?
By default, the cost of an OSPF interface is 100,000,000/(Interface Bandwidth). The constant 100,000,000 can be changed using the auto-cost reference-bandwidth command.
50⟩ Describe the difference between routing and switching.
Routing moves a letter or telephone call to the access layer (as in a street or telephone exchange). Switching makes the final delivery. A switching decision is made on the part of the address that is not used in routing (as in the street number or last four digits of a phone number).
51⟩ The following OSPF routes originate in OSPF area 1 188.14.19.0/28 188.14.19.16/28 188.14.19.32/28 188.14.19.48/28 What is the command to summarize these routes on the ABR between area 1 and the backbone?
Area 1 range 188.14.19.0 255.255.255.192
52⟩ How many OSPF databases are on an OSPF router?
The number of OSPF databases on a router is equal to the number of OSPF areas configured on the router.
53⟩ What is the administrative distance of OSPF routes?
110
54⟩ If a router learns about the same network prefix through RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, and OSPF, which route will be preferred?
EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90.
IGRP has an administrative distance of 100.
OSPF has an administrative distance of 110.
RIP has an administrative distance of 120.
Therefore, the EIGRP route is preferred.
55⟩ Describe the structure and format of an NSAP address.
An NSAP address has a length of 8 to 20 bytes and consists of three components:
► One to 13 byte area ID
► Six byte system ID
► One byte NSAP selector that is always equal to zero for a router
56⟩ Describe the difference between an OSPF and IS-IS backbone.
OSPF has a backbone area or area 0. All nonzero areas must be connected to the backbone through a router or a virtual link. IS-IS has a backbone area made up of a contiguous chain of Level 2 capable routers.
57⟩ In IS-IS, what does Level 1 routing mean?
Level 1 routing is routing between destinations in the same IS-IS area
58⟩ What is the OSPF counterpart to Level 1 routing?
Intra-area routing.
59⟩ What is the difference between the types of routes allowed by default into IS-IS and OSPF areas?
By default, all routes are advertised into all OSPF areas. This includes interarea OSPF routes and external routes that have been injected into OSPF. By default, IS-IS does not advertise interarea or external routes into an area, but injects a default route.
60⟩ What is route leaking?
Redistribution of Level 2 routes into an area as Level 1 routes.
