d) Representing your problem with variable and parameter

Explanation:

Because state space is mostly concerned with a problem, when you try to solve a problem, we have to design a mathematical structure to the problem, which can only be through variables and parameters. for example, you have given a 4-gallon jug and another 3-gallon jug. Neither has measuring marker on it. You have to fill the jugs with water. How can you get exactly 2 gallons of water in to 4 gallons.Here the state space can defined as set of ordered pairs integers(x,y),such that x=0,1,2,3 or 4 and y=0,1,2 or 3;X represents the number of gallons in 4 gallons jug and y represents quantity of water in the 3 gallons jug.